On April 27, 2016, the People's Bank of China Xi'an Branch reported to the People's Bank of China for approval, and Yijun County of Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province officially became the only pilot of the rural comprehensive financial demonstration zone.
Over the past year or so, the reform is booming. In 2016, the balance of RMB loans in Yijun County was 1.185 billion yuan, up 19.71% from the beginning of the year, which was 6.21 and 9.78 percentage points higher than the national and provincial levels respectively; The county's GDP growth rate reached 9.5%, and the growth rate jumped to the first place in the city. The pilot vigorously promoted Yijun County to fight poverty and catch up with it.
Behind these gratifying figures, there are both the hard work of Yijun County cadres and the masses, as well as the work of the People's Bank Head Office and Xi'an Branch, the Tongchuan City Center Branch and the county financial institutions.
Pilot flower falls in Yijun County
Located in Yijun County, Tongchuan City, in the shallow mountainous area on the southern margin of the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi Province, the gully is scattered and the people are scattered and the agricultural industry is single. It has the common characteristics of the poverty-stricken areas in the northwest and is a national poverty-stricken county.
Last year, the People’s Bank of China’s head office identified Yijun County as the first and only county-level rural inclusive financial comprehensive demonstration zone pilot project. This is a consistent continuation of many pilot projects in Yijun County and has been given more Exploratory requirements for financial support for agriculture.
As a complex systematic project, the pilot work of the rural inclusive financial comprehensive demonstration zone requires the participation and cooperation of the people's banks at all levels, local party and government organs at all levels, and financial institutions.
In order to ensure that the top-level design of inclusive finance is consistent with grassroots practice, the original intention of ensuring inclusive finance of the People’s Bank of China’s head office can be “into the endâ€. The People's Bank of China formed a "three-level linkage" work pattern from the head office to the Xi'an branch to the municipal branch.
At the beginning of May 2016, in response to the actual situation of Yijun County as a national poverty-stricken county, combined with the progress of the three pilot projects carried out by the People’s Bank of China in Yijun County, the Party Committee of the People’s Bank of Xi’an Branch proposed that the rural comprehensive financial benefits of Yijun County The pilot work in the demonstration area should be based on the overall thinking of “consisting on inclusive finance, targeted poverty alleviation and financial ecological environment constructionâ€, and set the tone for the pilot work of inclusive finance.
In the interview, the reporter learned that giving priority to the development of inclusive financial missions and requirements in poverty-stricken areas is not only an important measure to promote financial precision and poverty alleviation, but also a pioneering practice adopted by the People's Bank of China to stimulate the vitality of rural financial markets and improve the level of rural financial services.
Central bankers busy in the fields
Feng Xuerong, president of the Tongchuan Central Branch of the People's Bank of China, told reporters that it is necessary to do a good job in these “test fields†in Yijun County, and do a good job in piloting the rural comprehensive financial demonstration zone in Yijun County. It is necessary to solve the problem of lack of financial knowledge in the rural grassroots and poor rural areas. The low level of financial services at the grassroots level has brought difficulties to the people's production and development, providing a good financial environment for financial institutions and providing a suitable financing price for the poor. As a person on the "land", Tongchuan Zhongzhi, only to lift up the sleeves to dry up, pull up the trousers under the field.
In order to more effectively grasp the economic and financial pulse of the jurisdiction, especially Yijun County, the People's Bank of China Tongchuan has started research and launched the “Yijun Index†which can reflect the progress of the work in real time in 2015, and initially formed “real-time monitoring and dynamic controlâ€. "The evaluation index system of rural inclusive finance in Yijun County of Tongchuan City" for the purpose of work. After Yijun County became a pilot of the rural comprehensive financial demonstration zone, the middle branch further improved the relevant index system, from the three major systems of the county's “financial infrastructure system, financial service system, financial education system†and the dimension of supporting economic development. Starting from the core ideas of Inclusive Finance, the number of financial self-service equipment including 10,000 people, self-service equipment utilization rate, e-banking utilization rate, cumulative poverty alleviation loans, cumulative poverty alleviation loans, rural-related loans, rural areas The specific index system, including the proportion of users, the number of financial knowledge publicity, the financial precision and poverty alleviation, and the number of service personnel, has woven a large “net†for timely control of financial trends in Yijun County.
After the launch of the “Yijun Indexâ€, it quickly became a database reflecting the satisfaction rate of the people's credit demand in Yijun County, the financial and ecological environment of the county, and the satisfaction rate of financial work needs of the county's economic and social development, in order to monitor the financial work status of Yijun County in real time. The promotion of the pilot work of the rural comprehensive inclusive financial demonstration zone in the county provides a timely and reliable basis. In the past one year, the Yijun index has risen from 20.45 to 35.8.
Watering on the roots helps the teacher fall on the heart
The four “test fields†set up by the People’s Bank of China’s head office in Yijun County have always had a common intention, that is, by helping farmers to master certain modern financial knowledge, they will learn to use modern financial tools to develop production and improve their lives, and focus on forming one. Set up a scientific and perfect rural financial education and training system to enhance farmers' financial literacy.
To this end, the head office of the People's Bank of China has sent people to arrange short-term financial knowledge training courses for leading cadres in Tongchuan City in Tongchuan City, and to directly investigate the financial knowledge of farmers in Yijun County. While promoting the pilot work of Yijun County, the Xi'an Branch of the People's Bank of China has set up financial knowledge training classes in Yijun County all the year round, and often promotes financial knowledge to the third-level cadres of Yijun County. The People’s Bank of China Tongchuan Zhongzhi always puts the “focus†and “staying point†of financial knowledge to help the peasants, and always insists on increasing the intensity of propaganda and teaching work to help farmers learn modern financial common sense and master modern financial tools. It has established the principle of "financial knowledge publicity and education work ahead of all financial work, where the hardware of financial institutions is located, and the financial knowledge publicity and education work must follow up where to go". The work pattern led by the head office and the multi-party linkage of financial institutions.
It can be said that the inclusive financial education system created by the People's Bank of Tongchuan Zhongzhi in Yijun County for farmers has not only the promotion of cultural immersion software immersion education, but also the guarantee of the grid coverage of institutional facilities, which has been received from the World Bank. Affirmation in the inner side. For this reason, the World Bank has made a special investigation on Yijun County three times, and exchanged experiences at the G20 peripheral meeting held in October 2016 with the case of “Yijun Financial Education Practiceâ€.
Basic financial services do not leave the village's comprehensive financial services.
With the continuous advancement of the pilot work of inclusive finance, various financial and fiscal policies have been continuously integrated. Under the joint efforts of the People’s Bank of China Tongchuan and local governments, the “Village Financial Integrated Service Station†as the basic template has spawned a place. A new carrier of economic activities - the Inclusive Financial Service Station. This site is not only rich in service content, but also forms a “five-station unified construction†model integrating rural financial service stations, rural e-commerce service stations, rural commercial super service stations, rural logistics service stations and information collection service stations. Moreover, adopting a market-oriented operation mode and paying more attention to commercial sustainability is a village-level economic service platform formed by relying on village-level financial service terminals.
Pilot work in the rural comprehensive financial demonstration zone vigorously promotes a convenient and efficient financial infrastructure system, which is to build a convenient financial service system that “basic finance does not leave the village, comprehensive finance does not leave the townshipâ€, and realize the basic financial facilities of the county administrative village level. The full coverage has helped to improve the availability of financial services for rural people, and the satisfaction of rural people in financial services has increased significantly.
In order to allow the financial services of the financial institutions to cover the rural people living in the vast areas of the gully, the People’s Bank of China Tongchuan Branch promoted the development of rural personal payment environment in Yijun County. In addition to increasing the number of equipment deployed, it also vigorously developed mobile finance. Further advance the position of inclusive financial construction from the village entrance of the administrative village to the family of the household. At present, the opening rates of new mobile payment methods such as telephone banking, mobile banking and online banking in Yijun County are 5.7%, 19% and 37% respectively. In addition, two “bank mobile service vehicles†have been opened, which has realized the three-dimensional development of the convenient and efficient financial infrastructure system in the rural areas of the county from the ground to the airspace, and the coverage and convenience of financial infrastructure have been significantly improved.
The mountain flower rags on the slope "Puhui" rooted in the village
Whether the pilot of the rural inclusive financial comprehensive demonstration zone can succeed in poverty-stricken areas is the key to the effectiveness of the inclusive financial services system. As the general bank of the People's Bank of China, which aims to promote the overall plan for inclusive financial work, it is necessary to control the specific direction of financial work, act in accordance with the financial laws of the market economy system, and let financial institutions promote the work of supporting agriculture under the guidance of profitability. The people in remote and poor areas have the right to develop production and improve their living on credit funds at an appropriate price. Only in this way, the experience explored as a pilot of the rural inclusive financial comprehensive demonstration zone is sustainable and reproducible, and it is vital.
Ren Xiaolong, deputy governor of the People’s Bank of Tongchuan, told reporters: “Promoting financial knowledge education allows farmers to use financial products and services, improve the county’s financial ecological environment and build financial infrastructure close to farmers to facilitate farmers’ use, and the most important thing is to There are products and services that farmers can use. To this end, we have promoted the financial service innovation project, which is to make the financing in rural areas difficult to improve, and the effectiveness of precision poverty alleviation has improved significantly."
It is reported that on the one hand, the People's Bank of China Tongchuan Zhongzhi began to strengthen the improvement of the rural credit system, continuously optimize the financial ecological environment, and actively promote the problem of financing difficulties in rural areas by replacing “collateralized collateral†with “creditâ€; on the other hand, fully coordinate Financial and local resources, using the central bank's monetary policy tools, have solidly promoted the innovation and placement of financial institutions to support agricultural credit products, and thus promote the steady development of local economic society.
With the comprehensive launch of the fight against poverty, the People’s Bank of China Tongchuan Branch combined with the pilot work of the rural inclusive financial comprehensive demonstration zone, fully coordinated the central bank resources and relevant resources of the local administrative department, and used the central bank’s monetary policy tools to build central bank funds guidance and financial capital incitement. The financial precision poverty alleviation model supported by credit funds uses the central bank's monetary policy tools to promote financial institutions in Yijun County to increase the investment of agriculture-related loans. According to statistics, last year alone, the poverty alleviation households were oriented to provide poverty alleviation loans of 200 million yuan; in 2016, Yijun County’s small micro enterprises and farmers’ loan application satisfaction rate reached 80%, and farmers’ credit demand satisfaction rate Reached 100%.
We have seen that the pilot project of the rural comprehensive financial demonstration zone has been spent in Yijun County for one year. Under the cooperation of the People’s Bank of China, the People’s Bank of China Xi’an Branch, the People’s Bank of China Tongchuan City Branch and the local party and government and financial institutions, Pratt & Whitney The flower is gradually coming to the roots in Yijun County, and the spring of the western mountain flowers is coming.
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