The factors affecting the strength and elongation of the yarn are mainly the fiber properties and the yarn structure of the constituent yarn. The strength and elongation of the blended yarn are also closely related to the difference in the properties of the blended fiber and the blending ratio. The temperature and humidity are related. The influence of external factors such as strong test conditions on the strength and elongation of the yarn is basically the same as that of the fiber.
1, fiber properties
Fiber length, line density:
When the fiber length is long and the fiber is fine, the frictional resistance between the fibers in the formed yarn is large and it is not easy to slip off, so the yarn forming strength is high.
When the fiber length is good and the fiber is fine and uniform, the sliver becomes even and the weak ring is not significant, which is beneficial to the improvement of the yarn strength.
Fiber strength:
When the strength and elongation of the fiber are large, the strength and elongation of the yarn become larger; the strength of the fiber is high because the fiber is strong and the elongation is not uniform.
Fiber surface friction properties:
When the friction coefficient μ of the fiber surface increases, the sliding resistance between the fibers is large, the slipping length lc decreases, the proportion of slip fibers decreases, and the yarn forming strength increases. Increasing the crimp number of fibers can increase the sliding resistance between fibers.
2, yarn structure
( 1) The effect of the structure of the short fiber yarn on its strength and elongation is mainly reflected in the twist.
When the twist coefficient increases, the frictional resistance between wood fibers increases, and it is not easy to slip off. This is a positive and positive aspect to the strength of short fiber yarns. However, as the twist factor increases, the fiber leans more and more, and the fiber strength increases. The effective force component in the yarn axis is reduced, and the fiber breakage in the yarn is not uniform at the same time. At the same time, the increase of the yarn diameter when the fiber is inclined is a disadvantage to the relative strength of the yarn.
(2) Influence of the partnership
The combined use of single yarns makes the plyyarn even and the contact between the single yarns increases the cohesive force between the outer fibers of the single yarn; the strength of the strands is greater than the sum of the strengths of the individual yarns.
(3) Arrangement of fibers in spun yarns
The strength of rotor-spun yarns is lower than that of ring-spun yarns: in rotor-spun yarns, irregularly arranged fibers such as folds, curls, and loops are more, and less fibers are normally transferred, resulting in poor contact between fibers and fibers, and more slip fibers during stretching. . Â Â
(4) bulked yarn
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The tensile strength of the expanded yarn is smaller than that of the conventional yarn, and the elongation at break is larger.
Structural characteristics: The use of two kinds of heat shrinkable fibers blended after the heat shrinkage treatment, so that the high shrinkage of the sliver fiber fully retracted, while forcing the normal heat shrinkage of small fibers along the axial compression and wrinkling Showing bulky properties.
Tensile breakage process: When the bulked yarn is stretched, the number of fibers that bear the external force is small, and the tension of each fiber is not uniform. When it starts to stretch, only a small part of the fiber takes on external forces, and other fibers wrinkle and relax. When a current fiber is broken, the latter fiber is straightened and assumes tensile force until the entire body breaks.
(5) textured yarn and elastic yarn
Relying on a variety of shaping methods, each fiber is in the form of a coil spring or curled orientation crimp curve.
In a considerable part of the process of starting the stretching, the fiber is actually straightened under conditions in which the tensile force increases little, and it has a very high elongation at break. Â Â
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